DEFINITION Isolation is the separation of infected person from the non-infected person for the period of communicability under conditions which will prevent the transmission of infection to others Isolation technique means observing all those practices that are designed to prevent the transmission of specific pathogens from one person to another directly or indirectly. It is …
CROSS INFECTION Methods of Transmission of Cross Infection Direct Contact: the organisms can be transmitted directly from person to person through droplet infection, infected hands, sexual contact, etc., Indirect Contact: contact with the secretions and excretions of the infected person through fomites (instruments and utensils), through contaminated food and water, through insects, through dust and …
ASEPSIS The practice of asepsis is designed to reduce the number of microorganisms present or reduce the risk of transmission from one person to another. It is also known as clean technique Medical asepsis is the term used to describe the technique of preventing the transfer of disease by stopping the infection at its source …
BARRIER NURSING The term “barrier nursing” is given to a method of nursing care that has been used for over one hundred years when caring for a patient known or thought to be suffering from a contagious disease such as open pulmonary tuberculosis Isolation nursing is carried out by placing the patient in a single …
HANDWASHING Hand washing involves both mechanical and chemical action. Careful washing of the hands reduces the number of bacteria Hand washing is the single most important means of preventing the transmission of infectious agents. Careful washing of hands using soap, water and nail brush reduces the number of bacteria Hand washing is most important to …
SURGICAL HANDWASHING Surgical asepsis: the hands should be thoroughly cleansed for about 3 to 5 minutes (in operation room, hands are scrubbed up to 10 minutes) Surgical Scrub Wet hands and forearms Apply soap (containing 3% hexachlorophene) to make a good lather Clean under nails, which should be kept very short (30 seconds) Rinse thoroughly …
SURGICAL GOWNING Sterile gowns are worn in the operating room and the delivery room and whenever open wounds are present which necessitate a sterile technique, e.g. to attend to patient with burns Procedure Put on the head cap and mask first Scrub hand thoroughly Dry the hands with sterile towel Pick up the gown by …
GLOVING TECHNIQUE Medical Gloving Gloves are used in the medical asepsis to protect the nurse from pathogens. They serve as a barrier when the nurse handles articles contaminated by the feces or wound Gloves used in the medical asepsis need not to be sterile. These are changed after attending each of the patient discharges. Before …
DISINFECTION OF ARTICLES Disinfection means destroying of all the pathogenic organisms. It is done either by physical or chemical method. Types of Disinfectants Alcohols Ethanol Isopropanol Advantages: wide microbicidal activity, noncorrosive Disadvantages: not universally sporicidal, limited residual activity, fire hazard Recommended for: hand disinfection in outpatient clinics Aldehyde Glutaraldehyde Orthophthaldehyde Advantages: wide microbicidal activity and …
VITAL SIGNS The vital sign or cardinal signs are body temperature, pulse rate, respiration and blood pressure. These signs should be looked at in total, to monitor the vital functions of the body. The signs reflect changes in functions that otherwise it might not be observed. Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure (BP) and oxygen saturation …
