MCQ on The Renal System
Frequently Asked MCQ quiz on the Renal System – MCQ Quiz for Competitive Exam Preparation – These questions given will be useful for competitive exams preparation. We will be updating more mcq regularly, please follow our website regularly.
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
A) Regulation of blood pressure
B) Production of red blood cells
C) Filtration of blood and excretion of waste products
D) Regulation of body temperature
Answer: C) Filtration of blood and excretion of waste products
Which structure carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
A) Urethra
B) Ureter
C) Renal pelvis
D) Nephron
Answer: B) Ureter
Which hormone regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D) Aldosterone
Answer: C) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Where does filtration of blood occur within the kidney?
A) Renal tubules
B) Glomerulus
C) Renal pelvis
D) Loop of Henle
Answer: B) Glomerulus
Which part of the nephron is responsible for reabsorption of water and nutrients?
A) Bowman’s capsule
B) Glomerulus
C) Loop of Henle
D) Renal tubules
Answer: D) Renal tubules
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A) Nephron
B) Glomerulus
C) Renal pelvis
D) Ureter
Answer: A) Nephron
Which hormone regulates blood pressure by controlling sodium and water balance?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Aldosterone
D) Parathyroid hormone
Answer: C) Aldosterone
What is the function of the urethra in the urinary system?
A) Carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder
B) Filters waste products from the blood
C) Carries urine from the bladder out of the body
D) Regulates water and electrolyte balance
Answer: C) Carries urine from the bladder out of the body
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
A) Regulation of blood pH
B) Regulation of blood glucose levels
C) Regulation of blood pressure
D) Production of urine
Answer: B) Regulation of blood glucose levels
Which part of the kidney filters blood and removes waste products?
A) Renal cortex
B) Renal medulla
C) Glomerulus
D) Renal pelvis
Answer: C) Glomerulus
Which of the following substances is typically reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule?
A) Water
B) Glucose
C) Urea
D) Creatinine
Answer: B) Glucose
What is the primary function of the renal pelvis?
A) Filtration of blood
B) Reabsorption of nutrients
C) Collection and transportation of urine
D) Regulation of blood pressure
Answer: C) Collection and transportation of urine
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow?
A) Erythropoietin
B) Aldosterone
C) Parathyroid hormone
D) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Answer: A) Erythropoietin
What is the purpose of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the kidney?
A) Regulate blood pressure and filtration rate
B) Produce hormones for fluid balance
C) Reabsorb water and electrolytes
D) Store urine before excretion
Answer: A) Regulate blood pressure and filtration rate
Which of the following hormones is NOT directly involved in kidney function?
A) Insulin
B) Aldosterone
C) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Answer: A) Insulin
Which part of the nephron is responsible for the majority of water reabsorption?
A) Loop of Henle
B) Glomerulus
C) Distal convoluted tubule
D) Proximal convoluted tubule
Answer: A) Loop of Henle
Which hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood and bone?
A) Aldosterone
B) Calcitonin
C) Parathyroid hormone
D) Erythropoietin
Answer: C) Parathyroid hormone
What is the function of the renal corpuscle?
A) Filtration of blood
B) Reabsorption of water and nutrients
C) Secretion of waste products
D) Regulation of blood pressure
Answer: A) Filtration of blood
Which of the following is a symptom of kidney failure?
A) Hypertension
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Proteinuria
D) Hyperthyroidism
Answer: C) Proteinuria
Which part of the nephron is responsible for secretion of ions, drugs, and toxins?
A) Proximal convoluted tubule
B) Distal convoluted tubule
C) Loop of Henle
D) Collecting duct
Answer: B) Distal convoluted tubule
Which of the following is NOT a function of the collecting duct?
A) Reabsorption of water
B) Reabsorption of sodium ions
C) Regulation of urine concentration
D) Secretion of waste products
Answer: D) Secretion of waste products
Which hormone is released by the kidneys to increase blood pressure by vasoconstriction?
A) Aldosterone
B) Renin
C) Angiotensin II
D) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Answer: C) Angiotensin II
Which part of the nephron is responsible for maintaining the osmotic balance of the blood?
A) Loop of Henle
B) Glomerulus
C) Proximal convoluted tubule
D) Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: A) Loop of Henle
Which hormone promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys by increasing the permeability of the collecting ducts?
A) Aldosterone
B) Renin
C) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Answer: C) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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