MCQ ON GFR
Frequently Asked MCQ quiz on the GFR Questions with Answers – MCQ Quiz for Competitive Exam Preparation – These questions given will be useful for competitive exams preparation. We will be updating more mcq regularly, please follow our website regularly.
“GFR” stands for Glomerular Filtration Rate. It is a measure of how well the kidneys are functioning. Glomeruli are tiny structures in the kidneys that filter waste products and excess substances from the blood, forming urine. The glomerular filtration rate measures the rate at which blood is filtered through the glomeruli per unit of time.
What does GFR stand for?
A) Glucose Filtration Ratio
B) Glomerular Filtration Rate
C) Glucagon Function Ratio
D) Glucose Fermentation Rate
Answer: B) Glomerular Filtration Rate
Which of the following substances is primarily filtered by the glomerulus to determine GFR?
A) Glucose
B) Sodium
C) Creatinine
D) Urea
Answer: C) Creatinine
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What is the approximate normal GFR in a healthy adult?
A) 10-20 mL/min
B) 50-70 mL/min
C) 80-120 mL/min
D) 150-200 mL/min
Answer: C) 80-120 mL/min
Which of the following is a method used to estimate GFR clinically?
A) Renal biopsy
B) Urinalysis
C) Serum creatinine measurement
D) Blood pressure monitoring
Answer: C) Serum creatinine measurement
Which hormone plays a role in regulating GFR by constricting afferent arterioles?
A) Aldosterone
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Angiotensin II
D) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Answer: C) Angiotensin II
Which of the following conditions would likely result in a decreased GFR?
A) Renal artery stenosis
B) Hyperaldosteronism
C) Hyponatremia
D) Hypervolemia
Answer: A) Renal artery stenosis
Which of the following equations is commonly used to estimate GFR based on serum creatinine levels?
A) MDRD equation
B) BMI equation
C) Hemoglobin equation
D) Blood pressure equation
Answer: A) MDRD equation
Which of the following factors would increase GFR?
A) Sympathetic nervous system activation
B) Angiotensin II release
C) Afferent arteriole constriction
D) Efferent arteriole dilation
Answer: D) Efferent arteriole dilation
Which renal structure directly regulates GFR by adjusting its diameter in response to various signals?
A) Glomerulus
B) Bowman’s capsule
C) Proximal convoluted tubule
D) Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Answer: A) Glomerulus
Which of the following substances is NOT typically filtered by the glomerulus?
A) Water
B) Glucose
C) Red blood cells
D) Urea
Answer: C) Red blood cells
Which of the following is a consequence of a decreased GFR?
A) Increased urine output
B) Increased retention of waste products
C) Decreased blood pressure
D) Decreased serum potassium levels
Answer: B) Increased retention of waste products
Which of the following is NOT a method to directly measure GFR?
A) Inulin clearance
B) Creatinine clearance
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level
D) Radioisotope clearance
Answer: C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level
Which of the following conditions is associated with an increased GFR?
A) Dehydration
B) Heart failure
C) Renal artery stenosis
D) Cirrhosis
Answer: A) Dehydration
Which of the following substances is freely filtered by the glomerulus and then reabsorbed in the renal tubules?
A) Creatinine
B) Urea
C) Glucose
D) Sodium
Answer: C) Glucose
Which hormone acts to increase GFR by relaxing mesangial cells and dilating glomerular capillaries?
A) Aldosterone
B) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
C) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D) Nitric oxide
Answer: D) Nitric oxide
Which of the following conditions is associated with a decreased GFR?
A) Hyperthyroidism
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Hypoproteinemia
D) Hypertension
Answer: B) Nephrotic syndrome
Which of the following statements about GFR is true?
A) GFR increases with age.
B) GFR is higher in females compared to males.
C) GFR is inversely proportional to renal blood flow.
D) GFR is a measure of kidney tubular function.
Answer: C) GFR is inversely proportional to renal blood flow.
Which of the following factors can affect GFR?
A) Blood pressure
B) Blood glucose levels
C) Body mass index (BMI)
D) Hemoglobin concentration
Answer: A) Blood pressure
Which of the following conditions is associated with a normal GFR?
A) Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
B) Acute kidney injury (AKI)
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Hypertension
Answer: D) Hypertension
Which of the following equations is used to calculate GFR in children?
A) Cockcroft-Gault equation
B) MDRD equation
C) Schwartz equation
D) Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation
Answer: C) Schwartz equation
Which of the following substances is often used as a marker for estimating GFR?
A) Uric acid
B) Serum albumin
C) Serum creatinine
D) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Answer: C) Serum creatinine
Which of the following physiological changes occurs during exercise to maintain GFR?
A) Decreased sympathetic nervous system activity
B) Increased release of aldosterone
C) Constriction of afferent arterioles
D) Dilation of glomerular capillaries
Answer: D) Dilation of glomerular capillaries
Which of the following conditions may result in an increased GFR?
A) Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
B) Diabetic nephropathy
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Cirrhosis
Answer: C) Hyperthyroidism
Which of the following substances is used in the gold standard method for measuring GFR?
A) Creatinine
B) Inulin
C) Urea
D) Cystatin C
Answer: B) Inulin
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