MCQ ON TOXICOLOGY
Frequently Asked MCQ quiz on the TOXICOLOGY Questions with Answers – MCQ Quiz for Competitive Exam Preparation – These questions given will be useful for competitive exams preparation. We will be updating more mcq regularly, please follow our website regularly.
Which of the following is a common route of exposure to toxic substances in occupational settings? A) Inhalation B) Ingestion C) Dermal absorption D) Injection Answer: A) Inhalation
What is the main target organ of acetaminophen toxicity? A) Liver B) Kidneys C) Lungs D) Brain Answer: A) Liver
Which of the following antidotes is used for acute acetaminophen poisoning? A) Naloxone B) N-acetylcysteine (NAC) C) Flumazenil D) Vitamin K Answer: B) N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
Lead poisoning commonly affects which of the following body systems? A) Cardiovascular system B) Respiratory system C) Central nervous system D) Gastrointestinal system Answer: C) Central nervous system
What is the antidote for cyanide poisoning? A) Atropine B) Prussian blue C) Sodium bicarbonate D) Hydroxocobalamin Answer: D) Hydroxocobalamin
Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of organophosphate pesticide poisoning? A) Hypertension B) Bradycardia C) Pinpoint pupils D) Excessive salivation and sweating Answer: D) Excessive salivation and sweating
Methanol poisoning can lead to visual disturbances and blindness due to its metabolism to which toxic metabolite? A) Acetone B) Formic acid C) Ethylene glycol D) Isopropanol Answer: B) Formic acid
Which of the following is an example of a heavy metal that can cause chronic toxicity through environmental exposure? A) Arsenic B) Nicotine C) Caffeine D) THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) Answer: A) Arsenic
What is the primary route of exposure to mercury in humans? A) Inhalation of mercury vapor B) Ingestion of contaminated food or water C) Dermal absorption D) Injection Answer: B) Ingestion of contaminated food or water
Which of the following substances is commonly involved in opioid overdose cases and requires the administration of naloxone as an antidote? A) Cocaine B) Methamphetamine C) Heroin D) LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) Answer: C) Heroin
Toxicology is the branch of science that deals with the study of the adverse effects of chemicals or substances on living organisms. It involves the identification, detection, evaluation, and management of toxic substances and their potential impact on human health and the environment. Here’s a brief overview of toxicology:
- Scope of Toxicology: Toxicology encompasses a wide range of substances, including pharmaceutical drugs, industrial chemicals, pesticides, environmental pollutants, and natural toxins. It investigates how these substances interact with biological systems and the mechanisms underlying their toxic effects.
- Routes of Exposure: Toxic substances can enter the body through various routes of exposure, including inhalation (breathing in), ingestion (swallowing), dermal absorption (skin contact), and injection (e.g., through needles). The route of exposure can influence the severity and nature of toxicity.
- Types of Toxicity: Toxicity can be acute or chronic. Acute toxicity refers to the immediate adverse effects of a single exposure to a toxic substance, while chronic toxicity results from repeated or prolonged exposure over time. Toxic substances can affect different organs and systems in the body, leading to a wide range of symptoms and health effects.
- Mechanisms of Toxicity: Toxic substances exert their effects through various mechanisms, including disruption of cellular functions, interference with biochemical pathways, generation of reactive oxygen species (oxidative stress), and binding to specific receptors or proteins in the body.
- Risk Assessment: Toxicologists assess the risks associated with exposure to toxic substances to protect human health and the environment. This involves evaluating the toxicity of substances, determining exposure levels, assessing potential health hazards, and establishing safe exposure limits or regulatory standards.
- Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics: Toxicokinetics involves the study of how toxic substances are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body. Toxicodynamics focuses on understanding the mechanisms by which toxic substances produce their effects at the cellular and molecular levels.
- Toxicological Testing: Toxicologists use a variety of experimental methods and techniques to evaluate the toxicity of substances, including in vitro studies using cell cultures, animal experiments, and epidemiological studies in human populations. These tests help assess the potential health risks and inform regulatory decisions.
- Clinical Toxicology: Clinical toxicologists specialize in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of poisoning and overdose cases in clinical settings. They provide medical care to individuals exposed to toxic substances and may administer antidotes or supportive treatments to mitigate the effects of toxicity.
- Environmental Toxicology: Environmental toxicologists study the effects of toxic substances on ecosystems, wildlife, and environmental health. They assess pollution levels, investigate sources of contamination, and develop strategies for environmental remediation and pollution control.
- Forensic Toxicology: Forensic toxicologists analyze biological samples (e.g., blood, urine, tissues) to detect and quantify toxic substances in postmortem investigations, criminal cases, and workplace accidents. They play a critical role in determining the cause of death and providing evidence for legal proceedings.
FOLLOW YOUTUBE CHANNEL FOR MORE MCQS CLICK HERE
