Frequently Asked MCQ on Cell Structure and Cell Division

MCQ QUIZ FOR COMPETITIVE EXAM PREPARATION

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Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in a cell?

A) Nucleus

B) Golgi apparatus

C) Mitochondria

D) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer: C) Mitochondria

Which structure serves as the control center of the cell and contains the genetic material?

A) Ribosome

B) Golgi apparatus

C) Nucleus

D) Lysosome

Answer: C) Nucleus

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins in the cell?

A) Nucleus

B) Mitochondria

C) Ribosome

D) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer: C) Ribosome

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

A) Protein synthesis

B) Energy production

C) Packaging and modification of proteins

D) Intracellular digestion

Answer: C) Packaging and modification of proteins

Which organelle contains enzymes responsible for breaking down cellular waste and debris?

A) Mitochondria

B) Lysosome

C) Endoplasmic reticulum

D) Golgi apparatus

Answer: B) Lysosome

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

A) Protein synthesis

B) Lipid synthesis

C) Calcium storage

D) Carbohydrate metabolism

Answer: B) Lipid synthesis

Which organelle is responsible for maintaining cell shape, providing structural support, and facilitating cell movement?

A) Microtubules

B) Ribosomes

C) Endoplasmic reticulum

D) Golgi apparatus

Answer: A) Microtubules

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A) Synthesizing proteins

B) Providing structural support

C) Controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell

D) Storing genetic material

Answer: C) Controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?

A) Golgi apparatus

B) Lysosome

C) Peroxisome

D) Vacuole

Answer: C) Peroxisome

Which structure is responsible for the synthesis and assembly of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

A) Nucleolus

B) Mitochondria

C) Chloroplast

D) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer: A) Nucleolus

What is the process by which a eukaryotic cell divides its nucleus into two, producing two daughter nuclei that are identical to the parent nucleus?

A) Meiosis

B) Mitosis

C) Binary fission

D) Cytokinesis

Answer: B) Mitosis

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

A) G1 phase

B) S phase

C) G2 phase

D) M phase

Answer: B) S phase

In which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell?

A) Prophase

B) Metaphase

C) Anaphase

D) Telophase

Answer: C) Anaphase

What is the end result of mitosis?

A) Production of gametes

B) Production of haploid cells

C) Production of four daughter cells

D) Production of two genetically identical daughter cells

Answer: D) Production of two genetically identical daughter cells

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?

A) Interphase

B) Prophase

C) Metaphase

D) Telophase

Answer: A) Interphase

In which phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow and carry out its normal functions?

A) G1 phase

B) S phase

C) G2 phase

D) M phase

Answer: A) G1 phase

During which phase of mitosis do the nuclear envelope and nucleolus reappear, and the chromosomes begin to decondense?

A) Prophase

B) Metaphase

C) Anaphase

D) Telophase

Answer: D) Telophase

What is the correct sequence of stages in mitosis?

A) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

B) Metaphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase

C) Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase

D) Anaphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase

Answer: A) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Which type of cell division results in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells)?

A) Mitosis

B) Meiosis

C) Binary fission

D) Cytokinesis

Answer: B) Meiosis

Cytokinesis typically occurs immediately after which phase of mitosis?

A) Prophase

B) Metaphase

C) Anaphase

D) Telophase

Answer: D) Telophase

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